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The fluted giant clam (Tridacna squamosa) increases the protein abundance of the host's copper-zinc superoxide dismutase in the colorful outer mantle, but not the whitish inner mantle, during light exposure
Citation
Chew, S. F., Koh, C. Z. Y., Hiong, K. C., Boo, M. V., Wong, W. P., & Ip, Y. K. (2020). The fluted giant clam (Tridacna squamosa) increases the protein abundance of the host's copper-zinc superoxide dismutase in the colorful outer mantle, but not the whitish inner mantle, during light exposure. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Molecular & Integrative Physiology, 250, Article 110791. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cbpa.2020.110791
Author
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Koh, Clarissa Z. Y.
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Hiong, Kum Chew
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Boo, Mel Veen
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Wong, Wai Peng
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Ip, Yuen Kwong
Abstract
The colorful outer mantle of giant clams contains abundance of symbiotic dinoflagellates (zooxanthellae) and iridocytes, and has direct exposure to light. In light, photosynthesizing dinoflagellates produce O2, and the host cells in the outer mantle would be confronted with hyperoxia-related oxidative stress. In comparison, the whitish inner mantle contains few symbiotic dinoflagellates and no iridocytes. It is involved in shell formation, and is shaded from light. CuZnSOD is a cytosolic enzyme that scavenges intracellular O2"-. We had obtained from the outer mantle of the fluted giant clam, Tridacna squamosa, the complete cDNA coding sequence of a host-derived copper zinc superoxide dismutase (CuZnSOD), which comprised 462 bp and encoded for 154 amino acids with a calculated MW of 15.6 kDa. CuZnSOD was expressed strongly in the outer mantle, ctenidium, hepatopancreas and kidney. The transcript level of CuZnSOD remained unchanged in the outer mantle during light exposure, but the protein abundance of CuZnSOD increased ~3-fold after exposure to light for 6 or 12 h. By contrast, 12 h of light exposure had no significant effects on the gene and protein expression levels of CuZnSOD/CuZnSOD in the inner mantle. Hence, the increased expression of CuZnSOD in the outer mantle of T. squamosa was probably a host's response to ameliorate oxidative stress related to photosynthesis in the symbionts, and not simply due to increased metabolic rate in the host cells. Evidently, the host clam must possess light- or O2-responsive anti-oxidative defenses in order to align with the light-dependent photosynthetic activity of its symbionts.
Publisher
Elsevier
Journal
Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Molecular & Integrative Physiology
DOI
10.1016/j.cbpa.2020.110791
Description
This is the original draft, prior to peer-review, of a manuscript published in Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Molecular & Integrative Physiology. The published version is available online at https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cbpa.2020.110791
Grant ID
R-154-000-A37-114
R-154-000-B69-114
Funding Agency
Ministry of Education (MOE), Singapore