The problem of integration: How schools can fill the skills gap

Abstract

This chapter explains how the current education paradigm, which has its origins rooted in the First Industrial Revolution, is markedly different from the classroom where formal and informal learning takes place and which, as a classroom of today, is suited for the Fourth Industrial Revolution which is currently unfolding. Learning must be learner-centric with integrated formal and informal programmes in schools. Authenticity of learning of 21CC skills and its impact on skill transfer are issues discussed in this chapter. Purposeful learning leading to life-deep and life-wise learning, along with self-directed learning and motivation, are factors that lead to skill expertise and attainment. We discuss the current programmes in schools and how we can draw lessons from another education system. Other frontiers include leveraging on student agency, teachers as designers of learning, learner dispositions, and twenty-first century learning.