Repository logo
  • Log In
Repository logo
  • Log In
  1. Home
  2. NIE Publications & Research Output
  3. Electronic Academic Papers
  4. Journal Articles
  5. Evolving the validity of a mental toughness measure: Refined versions of the Mental Toughness Questionnaire‐48
 
  • Details
Options

Evolving the validity of a mental toughness measure: Refined versions of the Mental Toughness Questionnaire‐48

URI
https://hdl.handle.net/10497/22560
Loading...
Thumbnail Image
Type
Article
Files
 SH-37-2-378.pdf (872.36 KB)
Citation
Kawabata, M., Pavey, T. G., & Coulter, T. J. (2020). Evolving the validity of a mental toughness measure: Refined versions of the Mental Toughness Questionnaire-48. Stress and Health, 37(2), 378-391. https://doi.org/10.1002/smi.3004
Author
Kawabata, Masato
•
Pavey, Toby G.
•
Coulter, Tristan J.
Abstract
The Mental Toughness Questionnaire‐48 (MTQ48) is a 48‐item self‐report instrument to measure one's level of mental toughness. Despite its wide popularity in psychological studies, the questionnaire has been criticized due to its factorial validity. The present study aimed to re‐assess the factorial validity of the instrument and propose alternative models to provide researchers with theoretically and practically useful instruments to measure mental toughness. Two studies were conducted using large samples of university students (Study 1: n = 2186; Study 2: n = 3209). In Study 1, none of one‐, four‐ and six‐factor models with 48 items satisfactorily fit the data set. Instead, two refined 18‐ and 6‐item versions of the questionnaire, covering six aspects of mental toughness, were proposed: the Short MTQ and Very Short MTQ. Both measures demonstrated excellent fit to the data. These results were replicated with a larger independent sample in Study 2. With the Short MTQ, it is possible to represent mental toughness as a multidimensional construct consisting of a global mental toughness factor and six specific factors. The Very Short MTQ is a practical tool for occasions where constraints prevent use of the Short MTQ. The refined questionnaires are promising options to measure and understand individuals' mental toughness with the MTQ.
Keywords
  • Confirmatory factor a...

  • Exploratory structura...

  • Scale improvement

  • Personal characterist...

  • Multidimensionality

Date Issued
2020
Publisher
Wiley
Journal
Stress and Health
DOI
10.1002/smi.3004
  • Contact US
  • Terms of Use
  • Privacy Policy

NTU Reg No: 200604393R. Copyright National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University (NIE NTU), Singapore

Built with DSpace-CRIS software - Extension maintained and optimized by 4Science