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Screen media and non-screen media habits among preschool children in Singapore, South Korea, Japan, and Finland: Insights from an unsupervised clustering approach
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Type
Article
Citation
Chia, M., Komar, J., Chua, T., Tay, L. Y., Kim, J.-H., Hong, K., Kim, H., Ma, J., Vehmas, H., & Sääkslahti, A. (2022). Screen media and non-screen media habits among preschool children in Singapore, South Korea, Japan, and Finland: Insights from an unsupervised clustering approach. Digital Health, 8. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1177/20552076221139090
Author
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Chua, Terence Buan Kiong
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Tay, Lee Yong
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Kim, Jung-Hyun
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Hong, Kwangseok
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Kim, Hyunshik
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Ma, Jiameng
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Vehmas, Hanna
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Saakslahti, Arja
Abstract
The main purpose of the research was to describe the daily screen media habits and non-screen media habits like indoor and outdoor play, and sleep of preschool children aged 2 to 6 years from Singapore, South Korea, Japan, and Finland using a content-validated online questionnaire (SMALLQ®) and unsupervised cluster analysis. Unsupervised cluster analysis on 5809 parent-reported weekday and weekend screen and non-screen media habits of preschool children from the four countries resulted in seven emergent clusters. Cluster 2 (n = 1288) or the Early-screen media, screen media-lite and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity-lite family made up 22.2% and Cluster 1 (n = 261) or the High-all-round activity and screen media-late family made up 4.5%, respectively represented the largest and smallest clusters among the seven clusters that were emergent from the pooled dataset. Finland was best represented by Cluster 2 and Japan was best represented by Cluster 3 (High-screen media-for-entertainment and low-engagement family). Parents from Finland and Japan displayed greater homogeneity in terms of the screen media and non-screen media habits of preschool children than the parents from South Korea and Singapore. South Korea was best represented by Clusters 6 (Screen media-physical activity-engagement hands-off family) and 7 (Screen media-lite, screen media-late and high-physical activity family). Singapore was best represented by Clusters 4, 5, 6 and 7, and these clusters ranged from Low all-round activity-high nap time family to Screen media-lite, screen media-late and high-physical activity family. Future research should explore in-depth reasons for the across-country and within-country cluster characteristics of screen media and non-screen media habits among preschool children to allow for more targeted interventions.
Date Issued
2022
Publisher
Sage
Journal
Digital Health
Dataset
https://doi.org/10.25340/R4/KDQPDH
Description
The open access publication is available at: https://doi.org/10.1177/20552076221139090
Project
OER 29/19 MCYH
Grant ID
OKM/15/626/2019
Funding Agency
Ministry of Education, Singapore
Finland Ministry of Education and Culture