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Enhanced indirect ferromagnetic p-d exchange coupling of Mn in oxygen rich ZnO:Mn nanoparticles synthesized by wet chemical method
Citation
Usman Ilyas, Rawat, R. S., Tan, T. L., Lee, P., Chen, R., Sun, H. D., Li, F., & Zhang, S. (2012). Enhanced indirect ferromagnetic pd exchange coupling of Mn in oxygen rich ZnO:Mn nanoparticles synthesized by wet chemical method. Journal of Applied Physics, 111(3), Article 033503. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3679129
Author
Usman Ilyas
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Chen, R.
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Sun, H. D.
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Li, Fengji
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Zhang, Sam
Abstract
This paper investigates the ferromagnetism in ZnO:Mn powders and presents our findings about the role played by the doping concentration and the structural defects towards the ferromagnetic signal. The narrow-size-distributed ZnO:Mn nanoparticles based powders with oxygen rich stoichiometery were synthesized by wet chemical method using zinc acetate dihydrate and manganese acetate tetrahydrate as precursors. A consistent increase in the lattice cell volume, estimated from x-ray diffraction spectra and the presence of Mn 2p3/2 peak at 640.9 eV, in x-ray photoelectron spectroscopic spectra, confirmed a successful incorporation of manganese in its Mn2+ oxidation state in ZnO host matrix. Extended deep level emission spectra in Mn doped ZnO powders exhibited the signatures of oxygen interstitials and zinc vacancies except for the sample with 5 at. % Mn doping. The nanocrystalline powders with 2 and 5 at. % Mn doping concentration were ferromagnetic at room temperature while the 10 at. % Mn doped sample exhibited paramagnetic behavior. The maximum saturation magnetization of 0.05 emu/g in the nanocrystalline powder with 5 at. % Mn doping having minimum defects validated the ferromagnetic signal to be due to strong p-d hybridization of Mn ions.
Date Issued
2012
DOI
10.1063/1.3679129