Quek, Choon Lang

The present study investigated the impact of the chemistry laboratory environment and teacher-student interaction on student attitudes towards chemistry for 200 gifted secondary school students in Singapore. The data were obtained using three instruments: the 35-item Chemistry Laboratory Environment Inventory (CLEI), the 48-item Questionnaire on Teacher Interaction (QTI) and the 30-item Questionnaire on Chemistry-Related Attitudes (QOCRA). The study confirmed the reliability and validity of the Science Laboratory Environment Inventory (adapted to create the CLEI) and the QTI for use in gifted chemistry laboratory classrooms. Statistically significant associations were found between the nature of the laboratory classroom environment and students' attitudes towards chemistry. Associations were also found between the interpersonal behaviour of the chemistry teachers and students' attitudes towards chemistry. Based on the findings, suggestions for improving the chemistry laboratory classroom environment and the teacher-student interaction for gifted students are provided.

Recent literature has emphasised active and learner-centred learning as opposed to passive and didactic methods of learning. The term "engaged learning" is often used synonymously with active learning, self-directed learning, collaborative learning and other similar canstructivist pedagogics. In this paper, we will track how Singapore's education system has advancedfrorn certain key initiatives in recent years to the next lap of embracing the engaged learning paradigm. We propose a definition and some indicators of engaged learning that are relevant to the Singapore context and advance a framework for bringing about engaged learning. In particular, the Instructional Science Academic Group of the National Institute of Education (NIE) will be developing a programme based on this framework of engaged learning for preservice and in-service teacher education and professional development. While this framework is conceptualised for teacher education and professional development, its components provide the basis for classroom teachers and administrators to design and implement effective instructional programmes that promote engaged learning in Singapore schools.

The current challenge faced by most beginning teachers is the disparity between the theories of classroom management exposed to in pre-service, and the practices in complex and ill-structured classroom situations. Such a theory-practice gap has led to the need to re-examine the existing instructional approach used in teacher learning and helping them develop deep understanding and meaningful learning for teachers. This proposed study explores case-based learning and related areas, beginning teachers’ case-based learning for self-analysis, discussion and reflection. It also explores how technology can be used to support teachers' case-based learning. The affordances of technology and design of technology-mediated learning environment will also be presented.

This paper explores three potential affordances (social, technical and pedagogical) of wikis in the context of designing 32 teachers’ learning of classroom management cases. Two learning environments were designed and two groups of the teacher-participants posted their own written and audio cases, identified problems, discussed and proposed solutions with the input of their peers, in the respective wikis hosted in Google Sites® and Learning Activity Management System® (LAMS). The teachers’ perceptions of the wikis’ affordances to support their case-based learning were surveyed quantitatively. The five point Likert scale survey ranked technical affordance highest, followed by social affordance and pedagogical affordance. Qualitative data from their online discussions and reflection logs were also analyzed to probe the variations in perceived affordances. Participants experienced ease of use and freedom from technical difficulties in achieving their learning goals (interaction with peers and sharing of resources). This paper discusses further work in harnessing wikis’ affordances for designing more effective case-based learning environments to cater for diverse learners. It also provides suggestions for further research into wiki pedagogy.

With the advancement in technology, learners are spending a substantial amount of time on online learning. Guided by the community of inquiry (CoI) framework (Garrison, Anderson, & Archer, 1999), this study examined the relationships among students’ perceived teaching element, social element, cognitive element, satisfaction, continuous academic-related online performance, and academic achievement. A revised form of the CoI survey instrument was administered to 167 polytechnic students (aged between 17 and 24) enrolled in a nutrition course in a polytechnic in Singapore. Results from path analysis confirmed the hypothesised relationships among the three elements of the CoI framework (i.e., social, teaching, and cognitive) and students’ learning related outcomes (i.e., satisfaction, continuous academic-related online performance, and academic achievement). However, only the cognitive element had a direct relationship with continuous academic-related online performance and satisfaction. In addition, the continuous academic-related online performance mediated the relationships between the cognitive element and academic achievement. Generally, the hypothesized model was able to explain 46% of the variance in students’ online course satisfaction and 62% of the variance in students’ academic achievements.

The Project work (PW) initiative was introduced by the Ministry of Education, Singapore, to provide students with the opportunities to foster collaborative learning skills, to improve both oral and written communication, to practise creative and critical thinking skills, and to develop self-directed inquiry and life-long learning skills (Ministry of Education, 1999). Although PW has been introduced for a few years, there has not been much research done in the Singapore context, especially in terms of its effect on students’ motivation. To fill the empirical gap, this study examined the extent in which PW promoted students’ intrinsic motivation, as well as satisfied students’ needs for competence, choice and relatedness. Specifically, data was collected from 7 classes of Secondary 2 students with the use of a modified version of the Intrinsic Motivation Inventory (IMI, McAuley, Duncan, & Tammen, 1989) to assess students’ intrinsic motivation and their perceived choice, competence and relatedness in the PW context and in their normal mathematics or science lessons. Comparisons were made to establish whether there was any significant difference in terms of the students’ experiences in the different learning contexts.

This paper focuses on the development and validation of a modified version of the Constructivist Learning Environment Survey (CLES) in a study of high school philosophy classrooms in Singapore that adopt the ‘community of inquiry’ approach. The modified CLES was administered to 1398 high ability students (grades 7-10) from 49 classes in an all-boy school from the central part of Singapore. Data analysis generally supported each scale’s factor structure, alpha reliability, discriminant validity and ability to differentiate between classrooms. Statistically significant relationships were also found between classroom environment and student outcomes.

Computer mediated communication (CMC) tools have marched into schools to provide borderless teaching and learning to complement existing face-to-face interactions. This article describes how teachers have used CMC to facilitate asynchronous online communication among students' collaborative project groups in project-based classrooms. Secondary school teachers used the CMC tool to facilitate and manage students' learning in terms of brainstorming and challenging student ideas, building resources, and working collaboratively to complete group projects.