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Kee, Ying Hwa
- PublicationOpen AccessFlexibility, stability, and adaptability of team playing style as key determinants of within-season performance in football(2022)
;He, Qixiang; The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between playing style variability and within-season team match performance outcomes. We examined 21,708 matches played in the top five leagues in Europe from the 2014/15 to 2019/20 season. Playing styles used by each team in each match were derived through a Gaussian-Mixture Model clustering of 31 match actions. The relationship between playing style choice and match outcome was also analysed using Multinomial Logistic Regression. However, team and opposition playing style predicted match outcome with low precision (39.78%). Measures of playing style variability, namely flexibility, stability, and adaptability, were derived using the coefficient of unalikeability, and relationship with performance outcomes were computed using Pearson’s correlation. Playing style flexibility was positively correlated with both offensive and defensive performance outcomes and win frequency (p < .01). Conversely, teams displaying higher playing style stability conceded less shots in the penalty box but demonstrated poorer offensive performance outcomes (p < .01). Playing style adaptability, indicative of high flexibility and stability, was positively associated with defensive performance outcomes and win frequency (p < .01). Our results indicate that playing style variability may be a significant indicator of team performance.117 172 - PublicationOpen AccessAn investigation of a formalized mentoring program for novice basketball coaches(Edizioni Luigi Pozzi, 2014)
; ;Bloom, Gordon A. ;Fairhurst, Katherine E. ;Paiement, Dominique M.The purpose of the current study was to investigate a formalized mentoring program /or novice basketball coaches, and to consider what factors that affect its to its effectiveness. Twelve purposefully selected mentors and 36 mentees who enrolled in an introductory coaching education course in Singapore participated in focus group interviews. Results indicated this program was a unique and positive learning experience /or both the mentors and mentees. It helped the mentees become more competent and confident in their coaching style, knowledge, and behaviors. The program also enabled mentors to demonstrate useful pedagogical knowledge and skills, and to engage in meaningful self-reflection practices. All participants felt this program should be adopted by other sport associations in their country. Suggestions for improving the program were also forwarded.WOS© Citations 24 751 1365 - PublicationOpen AccessTrampoline versus resistance training in young adults: Effects on knee muscles strength and balancePurpose: Trampoline parks are becoming popular in many countries, providing recreational facilities for children and adults. This study investigated the effects of trampoline training on knee muscles strength and balance in young adults.
Methods: Twenty-six participants (14 males, 12 females) were randomized into trampoline training (TT) and resistance training (RT) groups to undergo a 6-week supervised intervention program (2 × 30 min per week). TT group performed basic trampoline exercises while the RT group performed resistance training targeting lower extremities muscles. Peak knee extension and flexion torque, postural sway characteristics, and Y balance test (YBT) performance were evaluated before and after the intervention. A mixed model analysis of variance (group × time) was applied.
Results: After training there were significant improvements in knee extension torque (mean differencepost-pre [95% CI], TT: 0.27 [0.00, 2.54] N∙m/kg, RT: 0.31 [0.09,0.54] N∙m/kg, p = .001), knee flexion torque (TT: 0.25 [0.17,0.33] N∙m/kg, RT: 0.21 [0.08,0.34] N∙m/kg, p < .001), and dynamic balance (YBT composite scores, mean differencepost-pre [95% CI], TT: 4.9 [-0.3, 10.2]%, RT: 5.2 [2.4,8.0]%, p = .001). No difference between groups was found.
Conclusion: Trampoline training can be as effective as resistance training for improving knee muscles strength and dynamic balance in young men and women.WOS© Citations 11Scopus© Citations 11 403 293 - PublicationOpen AccessA qualitative study into the personal factors influencing secondary school teachers’ motivating styles(Frontiers, 2023)
; ;Kong, Leng Chee; ; ;Ng, Betsy Ling Ling ;Lam, KarenReeve, JohnmarshallBackground: All teachers aspire to create the most motivating classroom climate for their students. This is because students who are motivated demonstrate superior learning outcomes relative to students who are not motivated. According to the Self-Determination Theory (SDT), when teachers establish an autonomy-supportive climate in their classrooms, their students can benefit in numerous developmentally and educationally important ways. Whilst most teachers have an understanding that autonomy-supportive teaching can benefit their students, many of them are unwilling or unable to carry out autonomy-supportive strategies. This can be explained by the implicit and explicit forces (e.g., teaching philosophies and beliefs, personal experiences) imposed on them by their internal (namely, intrapsychic) and external (namely, social) environments. This paper focuses on the personal factors that influence teachers’ adoption and employment of autonomy-supportive instructional behaviours.
Method: Following a 10-week intervention program on implementing six autonomy-supportive instructional behaviours, we interviewed 59 teachers from 17 secondary schools in Singapore on their adoption and employment of the teaching strategies. Their number of years of teaching experience ranged from 1 to 31 years with a mean of 10.8 years of teaching experience, and 62.71% of them were female.
Finding: From the interviews, we identified several teacher-related personal factors which we labelled “teaching philosophies and beliefs,” “personal experiences,” “motivation to teach,” “personality,” “teachers’ mental and emotional states” and “teaching efficacy.” Through identifying the personal factors, we hope to raise awareness amongst the teachers on the inner forces that can foster or frustrate their own expression of autonomy-supportive instructional behaviours. Given the many plausible benefits that can be derived from autonomy-supportive teaching, we hope that the information gained from this qualitative study can path the way for greater willingness and effort in implementing autonomy-supportive teaching in the classrooms.
WOS© Citations 1Scopus© Citations 4 53 139 - PublicationOpen AccessEffect of brief mindfulness induction on university athletes’ sleep quality following night trainingGiven the need to alleviate sleep problems confronting athletes, the present experiment, conducted as much as possible in a naturalistic fashion that mimics daily life, seeks to examine whether a brief mindfulness induction immediately prior to sleep following night training can improve athletes' sleep. A sample of university athletes (n = 80) was recruited and 63 of them were eligible to participate in this experiment. They were then randomly assigned into experimental group (n = 32) and control group (n = 31). Following night training and just prior to sleep, those in the experimental group received a self-administered brief 6-min mindfulness induction via a video clip, whereas the control group participants viewed a similar 6-min video devoid of mindfulness induction passively. Questionnaire-based measures of training intensity, pre-sleep arousal, state mindfulness, and sleep diary (i.e., level of rest, sleep duration, and overall sleep quality) were administered. Results showed that brief mindfulness induction reduced pre-sleep arousal, and improved level of rest and overall sleep quality, but not sleep duration. Pre-sleep arousal was also found to be a partial mediator in the relationship between the brief mindfulness induction and reported level of rest during sleep. These findings suggest that the brief mindfulness induction may be an effective approach for decreasing pre-sleep arousal and improving sleep quality after night training among athletes.
WOS© Citations 16Scopus© Citations 22 347 214 - PublicationMetadata onlyAthletes with meditation experience counteract the detrimental effect of mental fatigue on endurance performance and neurocognitive functions(Taylor & Francis, 2024)
;Nien, Jui-Ti ;Chen, Nai-Chi; ;Wu, Chih-Han ;Ahn, Jaewoong ;Yu ;Chi, LinChang, Yu-KaiThe current study examined whether meditation experience is associated with changes in endurance performance and inhibitory control-relevant neurocognitive functions caused by mental fatigue. Twenty-four athletes with meditation experience (AME) and twenty-five athletes without meditation experience (AWME) underwent a 30-min incongruent Stroop test in mental fatigue condition (MF) and a 30-min congruent Stroop test in control condition (CON) in a randomised-counterbalanced order. Inhibitory control-relevant neurocognitive functions were assessed using Flanker task and event-related potentials, followed by an endurance task using the Bruce treadmill protocol. Visual analogue scale was used to evaluate perceived mental fatigue (VAS-MF) before (T1), after Stroop test (T2) and after Flanker task (T3), and VAS for motivation (VAS-M) was used to evaluate motivation in Flanker task and endurance task. Results indicated that, compared to the CON, AWME in the MF exhibited overall lower accuracy, smaller incongruent N2 amplitude of the Flanker task (ps < .05), and shorter time to exhaustion (TTE) of the endurance task (p < .001), whereas AME did not exhibited difference in these outcomes between the conditions. Along with athletes in the MF reported lower VAS-M in endurance task. These findings suggest the benefits of meditation experience in mitigating the negative effects of mental fatigue.
56 - PublicationMetadata onlyThe Wu-wei alternative: Effortless action and non-striving in the context of mindfulness practice and performance in sportWu-wei is an important construct but is rarely discussed in the sport psychology literature. The present discussion fills the gap in literature and provides a conceptual overview of the wu-wei alternative. After explaining wu-wei briefly, the current state of mindfulness research is discussed to highlight the lack of research in understanding wu-wei and non-striving in sport psychology. In addition, the links between wu-wei and relevant constructs including mindfulness, non-striving, flow, nonduality, Zen, Mushin, motivation, goals, and implicit learning were clarified. Furthermore, suggestions on incorporating wu-wei as part of mindfulness training for athletes and possible future research directions are provided. In this difficult time of the global pandemic, wu-wei or non-striving mindset can help supporting athletes’ well-being and pursuit of goals beyond winning and striving.
Scopus© Citations 6 446 - PublicationOpen AccessMindfulness, movement control, and attentional focus strategies: Effects of mindfulness on a postural balance task(Human Kinetics, 2012)
; ;Chatzisarantis, Nikos; ; Chen, Lung HungWe examined whether the momentary induction of state mindfulness benefited subsequent balance performance, taking into consideration the effects of dispositional mindfulness. We also tested whether our mindfulness induction, grounded in sustaining moment-to-moment attention, influenced the attentional focus strategies that were adopted by the participants during the balancing task. Balance performance was ascertained based on approximate entropy(ApEn) of the center of pressure (COP) data. The study involved 32 males (age: M = 22.8, SD= 1.94) who were randomly assigned to the mindfulness or control group. Using difference in pretest to posttest performance based on the medio-lateral movements as the dependent variable, the test for interaction showed that the mindfulness induction was more effective for participants with higher dispositional mindfulness. Participants who underwent mindfulness induction also reported greater use of external focus strategies than those in the control group. Results suggest that momentary mindful attention could benefit balance performance and affect the use of attentional focus strategies during movement control.Scopus© Citations 43 818 2476 - PublicationOpen AccessPredicting effects of ADHD symptoms and mindfulness on smartphone overuse in athletes: A basic psychological needs perspectiveInformed by basic psychological need theory, this study was undertaken to examine the relationship between self-reported symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), mindfulness, basic psychological need satisfaction/frustration, and smartphone overuse among athletes. Athletes (n = 360, Mage = 20.27, male = 72.5%) completed a survey that measured the outcomes of interest. Path analysis indicated that greater ADHD symptoms were both directly related to higher smartphone overuse scores and indirectly related to greater smartphone overuse scores via need frustration. Higher mindfulness scores were associated with lower levels of need frustration and greater levels of need satisfaction. Mindfulness moderated the positive association between ADHD symptoms and need frustration. Specifically, the positive association between ADHD symptoms and need frustration was attenuated in the presence of higher levels of mindfulness among participants with a lower risk of ADHD. Surprisingly, the same association was heightened among participants with a higher risk of ADHD. These findings highlight the significant role of need frustration in explaining the underlying process from ADHD symptoms to smartphone overuse.
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